See forneys in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "furnace"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "furnace"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ffwrnais"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fro:fornais"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"furnace\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*xʷornos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"warm\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰer-\", \"gloss\" : \"to be warm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰr̥nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fornos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fornus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂ks\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āks\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āx\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fornāx\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"fornais\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"forneys\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"forneys\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fornais"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French fornais",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "fornāx"
},
"expansion": "Latin fornāx",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fornais, from Latin fornāx.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forneyses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furnays",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furneis",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furneys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fournace",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornyce",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornace",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furnas",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fourneys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "forneys",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "forneyses"
},
"expansion": "forneys (plural forneyses)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 8 26 23 3 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 32 9 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 5 28 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 17 6 10 2 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "enm:Cooking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 6 17 13 1 29",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cookware and bakeware",
"orig": "enm:Cookware and bakeware",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stove or oven; a device for cooking upon or in."
],
"id": "en-forneys-enm-noun-49pGQYOq",
"links": [
[
"stove",
"stove"
],
[
"oven",
"oven"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pot for boiling food in, especially of great size."
],
"id": "en-forneys-enm-noun-WZWBYxLc"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 9 34 18 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 8 32 16 2 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 8 26 23 3 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 38 16 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 32 9 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 5 28 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 6 17 13 1 29",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cookware and bakeware",
"orig": "enm:Cookware and bakeware",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A furnace (especially when used for glassworking or metalworking)."
],
"id": "en-forneys-enm-noun-yG89HLzn"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 8 26 23 3 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 5 28 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 6 17 13 1 29",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cookware and bakeware",
"orig": "enm:Cookware and bakeware",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Fire",
"orig": "enm:Fire",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 13 17 29 6 17",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Machines",
"orig": "enm:Machines",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fires used to inflict punishment or retribution upon someone."
],
"id": "en-forneys-enm-noun-OVYa5cxC"
},
{
"glosses": [
"Anything of great heat."
],
"id": "en-forneys-enm-noun-y8gI4cY0",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Anything of great heat."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 8 26 23 3 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 32 9 2 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 5 28 11 2 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 6 17 13 1 29",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Cookware and bakeware",
"orig": "enm:Cookware and bakeware",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A device for boiling non-fermented liquor."
],
"id": "en-forneys-enm-noun-fqhFnFta",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A device for boiling non-fermented liquor."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/furˈnæi̯s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfurnis/"
}
],
"word": "forneys"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with etymon",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰer-",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"enm:Cooking",
"enm:Cookware and bakeware",
"enm:Fire",
"enm:Machines"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "furnace"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "furnace"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ffwrnais"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fro:fornais"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"furnace\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*xʷornos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"warm\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰer-\", \"gloss\" : \"to be warm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰr̥nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fornos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fornus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂ks\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āks\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āx\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fornāx\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"fornais\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"forneys\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"forneys\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "fornais"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French fornais",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "fornāx"
},
"expansion": "Latin fornāx",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French fornais, from Latin fornāx.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forneyses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furnays",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furneis",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furneys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fournace",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornyce",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fornace",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "furnas",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fourneys",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "forneys",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "forneyses"
},
"expansion": "forneys (plural forneyses)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A stove or oven; a device for cooking upon or in."
],
"links": [
[
"stove",
"stove"
],
[
"oven",
"oven"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pot for boiling food in, especially of great size."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A furnace (especially when used for glassworking or metalworking)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Fires used to inflict punishment or retribution upon someone."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Anything of great heat."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Anything of great heat."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A device for boiling non-fermented liquor."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A device for boiling non-fermented liquor."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/furˈnæi̯s/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfurnis/"
}
],
"word": "forneys"
}
Download raw JSONL data for forneys meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.